By the nature of a 3D finite element analysis any mixed mode effects present at the crack front will be inherent in the stress solution regardless of whether they are attributed to the applied loading or the crack configuration within the component.

Zencrack calculates fracture mechanics parameters that embody these mixed mode effects and in a crack growth analysis the direction of growth incorporates any mixed mode effect:

• j-integral values derived in the f.e. code from the stress solution
• stress intensity factors derived from the relative mode I, II and II opening displacements at each crack front node.